history.

AP HISTORY FINAL REVIEW

After Lexington and Concord:

Ethan allen and the Green Mountain Boys captured Fort Ticonderoga from Brits

SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRES

-Philadelphia

-May of 1775

-created Continental Army

-George Washington made commander

– send olive branch petition to George III

-asking for reconciliation.

The impact of Common sense

Enlightenment

Battle of Trenton against Hessians

-christmas night

JAHAHHHAA

Essex Junto – a group of federalists who existed in Boston and loudly campaigned against the decline in public virtue

– Thomas Pickering ( a senator from Massachusetts saw Jefferson as a Parisian Revolutionary Monster.

Aaron Burr lost his significance after the election of 1800

European wars Spill over to the US/

impressment – forcing deserted british sailors and American citizens into the British navy to fight

Jefferson banned Brit warships from entering US ports

did not stop the Brits
Embargo of 1807
- American ships could not enter the seas until England and France stopped their harassment of American shipping
- horrible effect on the American economy
- effected everyone, not just merchants
many wanted war, but Jefferson resisted
Madison became prez in 1808
Non-Intercourse Act
- opened trade with all countries except England and France
- another 1810 act threatened to cut trade with any nation that interfered with American Ships, which England and France continued to do

WAR OF 1812

Brits refused to stop impressment and seizure of ships
US declared war in June of 1812
“War Hawks” led by Henry Clay were extremely supportive of war.
- young Republicans
- felt that the war would allow the US to gain more land in the West, leading to greater economic growth
Tecumseh
- him and his brother felt it was their duty to Unite all of the Indian tribes
  - RED NATION
- joined several tribes together, terrified americans
- encouraged by Brits
- Gen. Will Henry Harrison attacked his village in late 1811
- killed him in Detroit
Napoleon was defeated in 1814
Brits launched an offensive on washington DC
- destroyed the city
- burned White HOUSE
- and capital
TREATY OF GHENT
- ended the war
- did not do anything about impressment of neutral trading rights
- restored diplomatic relations
Battle of New Orleans
- actually occurred after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent
- Andrew Jackson destroyed a large British Force
Harford Convention
- nine days before the Treaty of Ghent was signed
- Federalists
  - proposed nullification
  - succession
- later viewed as foolish and unpatriotic
1816 to 1823
- Era of Good Feelings
James Monroe president in 1817
American System -make America less economically dependent on Europe
Missouri Comp.
putting-out system – merchants would buy the raw materials recruit dozens or in some case hundreds of farm families to do some work then sell the unfinished goods to larger factories
Native American policies-
- Justice Marshall
  - Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
  - Native American had no real standing in court
  - had a right to possess land
- Jackson
  - Removal Act of 1830 –
    - removal of all tribes east of the Missippi
    - Trail of Tears
Reform Movements
- temperance movement
- Horace Mann – formal education for all children
- abolitionist movement
- William Loyd Garrison
  - The Liberator
- American Colonization society
Jackson – Democratic Republican
1828 Election
- mudslinging
- Quincy Adams v.s Jacky
JACKSON
- spoils system
- “kitchen cabinet”
- Jeffersonian Ideal as nation of yeoman farming
- pet banks
- used veto
- liked slaves
nullification – states canceling out fed law
WEbster Hayne Debate
- webster argued that with nullification, our country would be destroyed
- Force ACT
Jackson destroyed national bank
- panic of 1837
Whig Party
- more gov
- national bank
- Will henry harrison

Bear Flag Republic –

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – signed on Feb 1848

officially ended the Mexican American war
for $15 million, the United States acquired the the Texas territory
increased the size of the country by 1/3

Wilmot Proviso –

no slavery in land acquired from Mexico
did not pass

Free-Soil Party –

oppose slavery in the newly acquired western territories

Compromise of 1850 –

allowed CAlifornia to enter as a Free state
residents of new mexico and utah decide (pop sovghng)
toughened slave act

Dark horse canidate – franklin pierce

Uncle tom’s Cabin – Harriet Beecher Stowe

Gadsden Purchase –

additional trade routes

Know Nothing Party –

– developed in response to immigrants

-anti – catholic

– nativist

Kansas-Nebraska Act –

– allowed slavery

Prompted the Creation of the Republican Party

“Bleeding Kansas” –

slave or free

Dred Scott –

slave has no rights

Lincoln Douglas Debate-

Freeport Doctrine – a territory could exclude slavery if the laws and regulations written made slavery impossible to enforce.

John Brown’s Raid

wanted to incite a slave riot in Harpers Ferry by
seized federal arsenal

Presidental Election of 1860 –

Lincoln won

South Carolina left
Confederate States of America

Aftermath of Succession –

Fort Sumter
- south carolina
  - demanded power over fort
  - Gov sent support
Crittenden Plan
- fed gov guarantee slavery in slave areas
- Repubs went against
First Battle of Bull Run –
- July 21, 1861
- union forces forced to go back to washington
Anaconda Plan
- choke off south
- control miss. river
Second Battle of Bull run
- won by confeds
Battle of Shiloh
- bloodiest battle
Ironclad ship
- merrimack
- monitor
conscription –
- system to draft or get soldiers
“greenbacks”
- wartime union money not backed by gold
Copperheads
- democrats who opposed the war
- felt that freed slaves would take away jobs
Writ of Habeas Corpus
- no free speech
Emancipation Proclamation
Battle of Fredericksburg
- major union loses
Battle of Chancellorsville
Battle at Gettysberg
- bloodiest battle
- destroyed lees army
- Wave of winnings for Union army continued :

[ vicksburg

[ total control of the mississippi

[ grant made commander

Sherman dominated the south
- total war
appomattox

RECONSTRUCTION

Ten Percent Plan
- 10% of registered voters in a state had to approve of a plan
Radical Repubs
- Tahddeus Stevens
  - totally reorganize southern states
Black Codes
- regulations against
Wade Davis Act
- Congress would only authorize a state government in a former Confederate when the majority of voters took an oath
- lincoln killed the bill with a pocket veto
Andrew Johnson
- lenient reconstruction plan
Rad Repubs in south
- advance the status of freedman
  - tenant farming
  - 40 acres and a mule
  - freedmans bureau
- fought for black suffrage
Civil Rights Act of 1866 –
- freedmen all benefits of federal citizenship
  - Thirteenth Amendment
    - outlawed slavery and other servitude
Fourteenth Amendment
- citizenship would be the same in all states
- freedmen have all rights
- former confeds no pub office
Reconstruction act
- 1867
- divided south into 5 military districts
  - military general in charge
  - made sure blacks had rights
Tenure of office act
- prez could not dismiss any cabinet member without approval of congress
- used it to impeach johnson
  - was not removed due to Edmund Ross
Republican Grant elected
- passed Fifteenth Amend.
  - no American could be denied the right to vote on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude
  - elections of 1870 regulated by military
carpetbaggers
- northerners who moved to the south to take advantage
scalawags
- southern term for southern republicans
KKK
Compromise of 1877
- Sam Tilden
- ends reconstruction
- removes troops
- blacks status goes down
Homestead act
- 160 acres to any settles who
  - american citizen
  - 21
  - committed
  - $10 registration
Morrill Land-Grant Act
RAILROADS bought land
bonanza farms
- large corporate farming
Exodusters
- southern blacks who went west
lots of mining and lumbering in the west
- anaconda copper co.
- timber and stone act
  - gave land away
ranching in the west
- cattle drives
- critical blow
  - two very harsh winters of 1885 to 1887
Indians
- General Custer
  - Battle of Little Big Horn
    - last major Native Ameri. victory over Americans
- Massacre at Wounded Knee
- Dawes Act
  - 1887
  - civilizing
  - destroy tribal identities
  - give them plots of land
Rise of Farmers
- Grange movement
- Greenback party
- Farmers Alliances
led to
- Interstate Commerce ACt
  - fed gov could regulate interstate railway rates
- Sherman Antitrust act
  - control power of trusts and monopolies
- Populist party
  - money circulation
  - income tax
  - William Jennings Bryan
    - not crucify mankind on cross of gold
Turner Thesis
- nature of america comes from western expansion
Taylorism
- empahsized speed and efficiency in the workplace
- ford
Interstate Commerce Act
- stopped RR
Trusts
- Carneige
- Rockefeller
- horizontal integration
- holding company
  - stock
- vertical integration
  - control marketing and distribution
Social Darwinism
- God had granted power and wealth to those who deserved it
Gospel of Wealth
- act as guardians and help the pooor
LABOR UNIONS
- Knights of Labor
  - took off like crazy
  - pie in the sky
  - open to all
  - HAYMARKET SQUARE
    - anarchists
    - hurt the labor movement
    - lead to major decline
- American Federation of Labor
  - Samuel Gompers (i like his name)
  - bread and butter
  - fought for simple rights
  - only white men skilled workers
- Eugene Debs
- Iww
  - clse to k of L
- new immigrants

Occupation: nurse, birth control advocate – Margaret Sanger

Stono Rebellion

-one of the most succesful slave rebellions at the time

Office Price Administration

-WWII

–

Office of War Mobilization

public pacifier

civil rights act of 1960

– us attorney general

One thought on “history.”

Kelly Krater says:

May 03, 2010 at 7:36 pm

Andy, you’re kind of a god..

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